Russian soldiers on the Eastern Front take aim in a trench while wearing chlorine gas masks. The use of gas is ultimately unique to the first world war, having made its debut and exit within the four short years. It was often used on both axis and allies sides, and created a sense of anxiety and fear in the enamy.
Russian troops waiting for the signal to go over the top in Ternopil, Ukraine on 1 July 1917. At the end of 1915 German-Austrian advance was stopped on the Ternopil line. The general outline of this front did not change until the fall of the Russian monarchy in 1917.
Italian alpine hat for Officials used in the first months war, 1915. Note the embroidery of the frieze, 5 Alpine Regiment, famous for battles on the Adamello Glacier.
