Operation PBFortune, also known as Operation Fortune, was a covert United States operation to overthrow the democratically elected Guatemalan President Jacobo Árbenz in 1952. The operation was authorized by US President Harry Truman and planned by the Central Intelligence Agency. The United Fruit Company had lobbied intensively for the overthrow because land reform
initiated by Árbenz threatened its economic interests. The US also
feared that the government of Árbenz was being influenced by communists.The coup attempt was planned with the support of the United Fruit Company, and of Anastasio Somoza García, Rafael Leonidas Trujillo and Marcos Pérez Jiménez,
the US-backed right-wing dictators of Nicaragua, the Dominican
Republic, and Venezuela respectively, who felt threatened by the
democratic Guatemalan Revolution, and had sought to undermine it. The plan involved providing weapons to the exiled Guatemalan military officer Carlos Castillo Armas, who was to lead an invasion from Nicaragua.The US State Department discovered that details of the plan had become widely known.[1]US Secretary of State Dean Acheson
became concerned that the coup attempt would damage the image of the
US, which had committed to a policy of non-intervention, and so
terminated the operation.[2] Operation PBFortune was followed two years later by Operation PBSuccess,
another covert operation in which Castillo Armas played a prominent
role. PBSuccess toppled the Árbenz government and ended the Guatemalan
Revolution.
